Super Bowl Sunday!

Well it’s almost time for the Super Bowl again.  So get the snacks ready in front of the big screen TV.  But what comes with the game and half-time?  Of course, the commercials.  However, the hoopla behind Super Bowl ads has spawned a team of skeptics. Growing research shows the $3.5 million that advertisers pay for 30 seconds during Sunday’s game between the New England Patriots and New York Giants often isn’t worth the cost.

 

Questions:

1.  What companies are lined up to advertise on the Super Bowl 2012?

2.  Why does the article say that companies would be better off advertising somewhere else?

3. How would you record, in the accounting records, the $3.5 M paid to a network for airing a Super Bowl ad?  Are there any other costs other than the airing costs?  Discuss what they are and how you would record them in the accounting records.

Source:

Dicker, R. (2012). Super Bowl: Are Ads Worth the Millions? The Huffington Post, Jan. 31 (Retrievable online at http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/30/super-bowl-are-ads-worth-_n_1241677.html?ref=business)

The Cost of Financial Ignorance

In Hernando de Soto’s very interesting commentary, he expands Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke’s thoughts that the U.S. needed to “re-learn some of the lessons” that have led to success among emerging market economies. The bulk of his commentary focuses on the reliability of accounting records that guarantee or make credit trustworthy, including the deeds, titles, liens and other documentation that establish who owns what and how much, and who holds the risks.

Questions:

1. Was there any place in the article where de Soto mentioned something that sounded like the monetary unit assumption that provides a foundation for the accounting process? Were there any other assumptions or principles of accounting that he used in his commentary or could be inferred? Explain.

2. Relate de Soto’s article to the accounting equation.  Based on this what is the premise of his article?

3. Explain what de Soto means by the statement “Information on debts is passed to the ledgers of ‘special-purpose entities’ (SPEs) – think Enron, which had more than 3,000 SPEs — or swept into illegible footnotes. “   What are SPEs? Briefly explain how Enron used them in perpetrating one of the nation’s largest frauds.

Source:

Hernando de Soto (2011). The Cost of Financial Ignorance., Washington Post, Oct. 7 (Retrievable online at http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-cost-of-financial-ignorance/2011/10/03/gIQAEU3yTL_story_1.html

Cooking the Books for Lehman?

N.Y. Attorney General Cuomo filed charges against Ernst & Young on December 21, 2010, alleging that the firm helped Wall Street Investment bank Lehman Brothers conceal its deteriorating financial condition before the bank’s historic collapse in the fall of 2008.  The civil lawsuit, which seeks more than $150 million, is the first law enforcement action to stem from Lehman’s failure. The bankruptcy of the firm, which was an important cog in the machinery of the capital markets, caused immense collateral damage. The allegations center on sham trades that allowed Lehman to window-dress its balance sheet before filing quarterly financial reports, making it seem like it had more cash than it actually did. Cuomo’s lawsuit aims to hold accountable one of the less-mentioned players in the saga – Ernst & Young, Lehman’s auditor, which allegedly turned a blind eye to the accounting machinations. The case does not resolve the fate of senior Lehman executives, such as former chief executive Richard Fuld, who have been under investigation by the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Questions:

1.  Explain the boomerang trade referred to as “Repo 105″ that is at the heart of the allegations.

2.  Explain leverage and what impact it played in the scenario.

3. Based on what you know about the Lehman situation, do you think they should have been included in the government bailout?  Why or why not?

4.  Read Matthew Lee’s letter  and critique it. Do you agree with the way he handled the situation as a whistleblower?  Based on what you know, would you have handled it any differently? 

Source:

Goldfarb, Zachary A. (2010). N.Y. Attorney General Cuomo Sues Ernst and Young, alleging Lehman Accounting Fraud, The Washington Post, December 22 (Retrievable online at http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/12/21/AR2010122103973.html?sid=ST2010122106931)

Lee, Matthew. (2010). The Lehman Whistleblower Letter Everyone Ignored. Hereisthecity.com, December 21, 2010 (Retrievable online at http://news.hereisthecity.com/news/business_news/10215.cntns)  

The Alyona Show,  The Next Arthur Andersen?, Dec. 22, 2010. (Retrievable at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5B_esTl9FS8&feature=related) 

Mortgage Buybacks

Mortgage Buybacks

According to Standard & Poor’s, the top U.S. banks could face up to $31 billion in losses from buying back bad mortgages. Bank of America Corp and JPMorgan Chase & Co have the most exposure to such potential repurchase obligations, followed by Wells Fargo & Co, Citigroup Inc, US Bancorp and PNC Financial Services Group, according to S&P analyst Vandana Sharma. In partcular, analysts believe that Bank of America has lost so much credibility with investors that the stock’s decline might start feeding on itself.

Question:

1. According to the article, what percentage of losses from mortgage buybacks have the six companies already accounted for?
2. Besides the losses, what reason do analysts propose will lead to decreases in net interest income?
3. Based on Weil’s article, how did Bank of America record the transaction when it purchased Countrywide? 
4. Rewrite Weil’s 1^st paragraph after the “Tipping Point” subtitle, in simple terms, as if you were explaining it to your grandmother or your roommate.

Source:

Staff. (2010). Banks Face $31 Billion Loss on Mortgage Buybacks: Report, Reuters, November 8. (Retrievable online at http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/11/04/banks-face-31-billion-los_n_779115.html)
Youtube.com (2010). BofA Under Pressure to Buy Back $47B in Debt (Retrievable online at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=apMyLwOJ7nU)

Weil, J (2010). Bank of America Edges Closer to Tipping Point: Jonathan Weil, Bloomberg News, Nov. 3.

Put Me First In Line

Former Denver Broncos quarterback John Elway and his business partner gave $15 million to a hedge-fund manager now accused of running a Ponzi scheme.  In court papers filed by Elway and Mitch Pierce the two claim that their investment was supposed to be kept in a separate account from Mueller’s Over Under Fund. Therefore, the Denver Broncos legend is seeking a declaratory judgment for the return of their money, ahead of other investors. Mueller Capital Management has just $9.5 million left to cover liabilities of $140 million.

Questions:

1.  What is a hedge fund?

2.  What accounting guidance for hedge accounting is available under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)?

3.   What accounting guidance for hedge accounting is available from the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)?

4.  As one accountant said of this story: “It’s hard to feel sorry for rich people who play in games without rules (hedge funds).” Do you agree or disagree? Explain.

 

Source:

Staff. (2010) Hall of Famer Elway Seeks Mueller Money Now. FINAlternatives, October 19 (Retrievable online at http://www.finalternatives.com/node/14212).

Mickey D’s in the News: Which story is right?

According to the Wall Street Journal, McDonald’s Corp. has warned federal regulators that it could drop its health insurance plan for nearly 30,000 hourly restaurant workers unless regulators waive a new requirement of the U.S. health overhaul.  However, less than an hour after that release, ABC News  and Reuters reported that McDonald’s and the Obama administration said the claims of the  Wall Street Journal are false, regarding the dropping of its “mini-med” health insurance for hourly workers because of the new health care reform law.

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Question:

1.  Why do you think the stories are so different and why do you think there was such a quick response from McDonalds and the Obama administration?

2.  What is the medical loss ratio in the new legislation?

3. What effects do you think the new legislation will have on the financial statements of companies?

4.  What do you see as the costs and the benefits of this new legislation?

Sources:

 Adamy, J. (2010). McDonald’s May Drop Health Plan, Wall Street Journal, September 30 (Retrieved online at http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703431604575522413101063070.html?mod=WSJ_hpp_MIDDLENexttoWhatsNewsThird)

Arnall, D. and H. Khan. (2010). McDonald’s Fights Back Against Report It Will Drop Health Care Plan, ABC News, September 30 (Retrieved online at http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/HealthCare/mcdonalds-fights-back-report-drop-health-care-plan/story?id=11764596)

Reuters. (2010). McDonald’s Denies Its Cutting Health Insurance, MSNBC, September 30 (Retrievable online at http://www.cnbc.com/id/39435771)

WSJ Video. (2010). AM Report: McDonald’s May Drop Health Plan, September 30.  (Retrievable online at http://online.wsj.com/public/page/0_0_WP_3001.html?currentPlayingLocation=37&currentlyPlayingCollection=The%20News%20Hub&currentlyPlayingVideoId={088AC31E-1087-428F-AD84-62AA9E6D5EA6})

Best Selling Candy

Candy is big business.  While international giants such as Mars Inc., Nestlé, and Kraft dominate the industry, there is still room for smaller, regional players like South Africa’s Tiger Brands and China’s Hsu Fu Chi International, with each country having a No. 1 candymaker. Even though chocolate remains the most popular candy in the world, chewing gum is growing rapidly. As this article speculates, the reason behind gum’s growth is due to tougher anti-smoking campaigns and aggressive pushes by manufacturers into new markets.

Questions:

1.  What is the number one best-selling candy and how much were its annual U.S. sales in 2007?   Which country eats the most chocolate per capita?  How much is it and how does it compare with the U.S.?

 2.  Why can’t you find a 10-K for Mars Inc. on the Web?

3.  Based on the article, what percentage of the total candy market is accounted for by M & M’s?

 

Source:

Deprez, E. (2009) What are the World’s Most Popular Candies? BusinessWeek, June 24 (Retrievable online at http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/content/jun2009/gb20090624_590587.htm#readerComments)

Deprez, E. (2009). The World’s Best Selling Candies (slide show), BusinessWeek, June 24 (Retrievable online at http://images.businessweek.com/ss/09/06/0624_worlds_best_selling_candy/1.htm)

Happy Birthday! Microsoft is 35 years old!

From modest beginnings, Microsoft, started by college dropout Bill Gates, gave birth to an entire
industry, changing the way we live and work and became one of the largest software companies on the
planet. As this article points out, not everything has been notable during its history. In particular, look at
this parody video of Clippy, the cute but much maligned animated paper clip introduced with Office 97.
Microsoft turned off the Clippy feature by default in Office XP, promoting it as part of a $30 million
marketing campaign, and removed it altogether in Office 2007.

Questions:

1. What type of journal entry or entries do you think that Microsoft make for the $30 million campaign to silence Clippy?

2. The article talks about Microsoft’s surprising investment when in August 1997, rival company Apple desperately needed cash. Microsoft came to their rescue and bought $150m in stock. What do you see as the reasons for this event?

3. What journal entries do you think Apple would have made in the exchange mentioned in Question 2?
What journal entries would Microsoft have made?

Sources:

YouTube Video. (2006) Annoying Microsoft Paperclip, November 23
(Retrievable online at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zr2-_ap4O8)
Sanjay. (2010) Happy 35th Birthday Microsoft, Access India, August 27.
(Retrievable online at http://www.mail-archive.com/accessindia@accessindia.org.in/msg40506.html)

Saving for the Future

Did you know that roughly 50 percent of employees have no retirement savings at all?  In an effort to increase the number of Americans who are saving for retirement, a bill known as the Automatic IRA Act of 2010 has been introduced in the Senate by Sen. Jeff Bingaman (D-NM) and in the House by Rep. Richard Neal (D-MA). The bill establishes IRA accounts for all employees and sets up automatic payroll deductions. The rationale for the legislation is based on the success of the automatic enrollment in 401(k) plans of a few years ago. When these accounts were established by law, there was a dramatic increase in participation, by about 90 percent of eligible employees. The belief is that, by establishing automatic IRA accounts, tens of millions of workers will be eligible for these plans, and an expected $15 billion will be added to savings annually.

 

Questions:

1.  According to the article, will there be any exemptions for the new Act, if passed?

2. According to the article, will there be any incentives for businesses to promote this?  Do you see this as a weak or a robust plan? Explain.

3. Based on the article, what types of journal entries will accountants have to make with respect to the features of this legislation, if passed?

 

Source:

 

Staff (2010) Democrats seek to legislate retirement savings, AccountingWeb, August 31.

(Retrievable at http://www.accountingweb.com/topic/accounting-auditing/democrats-seek-legislate-retirement-savings)

Interesting News for IFRS Nay-sayers

While reviewing the proposed expansion of the International Financial Reporting Standards for accounting, Tim Bush, a member of the “Urgent Issues Task Force” that scrutinises the work of the Accounting Standards Board (ASB), claims to have uncovered “fatal” and “dangerous” flaws in the system.  Mr. Bush alleges the regulations, and specifically the way they have been implemented in the U.K. and Ireland, have led to “mistakes [that are so severe] that it is difficult to overstate”.

Questions:

1.  What severe mistakes does Mr. Bush allege?

2. What does he propose would fix these problems?

3. Who does Mr. Bush claim are the first victims of IFRS standards and who will be the secondary victims?  Based on your understanding of the issues, do you agree or disagree?  Why?  

Source:

Armistead, Louise. (2010). UK Bank Accounting “Fatally Flawed” Warns Influential Watchdog, Telegraph.co.uk, August 26 (Retrievable online at http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/banksandfinance/7964816/UK-bank-accounting-rules-fatally-flawed-warns-influential-watchdog.html)

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